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From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (05 January 2017) [foldoc]:
ray casting
A simplified form of ray tracing. A ray is fired
from each pixel in the view plane, and information is
accumulated from all the voxels in the volume data it
intersects.
Each voxel is first given an associated colour and opacity.
The ray is sampled at a fixed number of evenly spaced
locations and the colour and opacity are trilinearly
interpolated from the eight nearest voxels. These are then
composed linearly back to front to give a single colour for
the pixel.
Ray casting was invented by John Carmack for the game
Wolfenstein 3D. It is faster and lower quality than ray
tracing, and is ideal for interactive applications. It
parallelises well, although random access is needed to the
voxels.
(2004-01-06)