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From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (05 January 2017) [foldoc]:
crunch
1. To process, usually in a time-consuming or
complicated way. Connotes an essentially trivial operation
that is nonetheless painful to perform. The pain may be due
to the triviality's being embedded in a loop from 1 to
1,000,000,000. "Fortran programs do mostly {number
crunching}."
2. To reduce the size of a file without losing
information by a scheme such as Huffman coding. Since such
lossless compression usually takes more computations than
simpler methods such as run-length encoding, the term is
doubly appropriate.
3. The hash character. Used at XEROX and CMU, among
other places.
4. To squeeze program source to the minimum size that will
still compile or execute. The term came from a {BBC
Microcomputer} program that crunched BBC BASIC source in
order to make it run more quickly (apart from storing
keywords as byte codes, the language was wholly interpreted,
so the number of characters mattered). Obfuscated C Contest
entries are often crunched; see the first example under that
entry.
[Jargon File]
(2007-11-12)