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From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (05 January 2017) [foldoc]:
ampersand
&
amper
"&" ASCII character 38.
Common names: ITU-T, INTERCAL: ampersand; amper; and.
Rare: address (from C); reference (from C++); bitand;
background (from sh); pretzel; amp.
A common symbol for "and", used as the "address of" operator
in C, the "reference" operator in C++ and a bitwise and
or logical and operator in several programming languages.
Visual BASIC uses it as the string concatenation
operator and to prefix octal and hexadecimal numbers.
UNIX shells use the character to indicate that a task
should be run in the background (single "&" suffix) or
(following C's lazy and), in a compound command of the
form "a && b" to indicate that the command b should only be
run if command a terminates successfully.
The ampersand is a ligature (combination) of the cursive
letters "e" and "t", invented in 63 BC by Marcus Tirus [Tiro?]
as shorthand for the Latin word for "and", "et".
The word ampersand is a conflation (combination) of "and, per
se and". Per se means "by itself", and so the phrase
translates to "&, standing by itself, means 'and'". This was
at the end of the alphabet as it was recited by children in
old English schools. The words ran together and were
associated with "&". The "ampersand" spelling dates from
1837.
{Take our word for it
(http://takeourword.com/Issue010.html)}.
(2012-07-18)